Jimmy Giuffre

Jimmy Giuffre(吉弗里),1921年4月26日出生于塔拉斯。 　　
美国爵士乐单簧管及萨克斯管演奏家、作曲家。1942年毕业于北德克萨斯州立师范学院，随即开始职业演奏生涯，先后参加过许多乐队，1956年组成自己的三重奏组，经常在欧美各地演出，曾与布莱(Bley)及斯沃洛(Swallow)组成三重奏组，在“自由爵士乐”运动崛起时占有突出地位。他的演奏音色悦耳，表情丰富，他的作品纯朴、精细，是五六十年代之交爵士乐先锋派人物之一。
by Scott Yanow
Jimmy Giuffre has had many accomplishments in a long career that has never been predictable. Giuffre graduated from North Texas State Teachers College (1942), played in an Army band during his period in the service and then had stints with the orchestras of Boyd Raeburn, Jimmy Dorsey and Buddy Rich. His composition Four Brothers became a hit for Woody Herman, an orchestra that Giuffre eventually joined in 1949.
Settling on the West Coast, the cool-toned tenor started also playing clarinet and occasional baritone. He was with Howard Rumseys Lighthouse All-Stars (1951-52) and Shorty Rogers Giants (1952-56), recording with many top West Coast jazz players. In 1956 he went out on his own, forming the Jimmy Giuffre 3 with guitarist Jim Hall and bassist Ralph Pena (later Jim Atlas). Giuffre had a minor hit with his recording of The Train and the River, a song that he played during his notable appearance on the 1957 television special The Sound of Jazz. In 1958 Giuffre had a most unusual trio with valve trombonist Bob Brookmeyer and guitarist Hall (no piano, bass or drums!), appearing in the movie Jazz on a Summers Day. After a couple years of reverting back to the reeds-guitar-bass format, in 1961 the new Jimmy Giuffre 3 featured pianist Paul Bley and bassist Steve Swallow and was involved in exploring the more introspective side of free jazz. From 1963 on Giuffre maintained a lower profile, working as an educator although Don Friedman and Barre Phillips were in his unrecorded 1964-65 group. He popped up on records now and then in the 1970s with diverse trios (including a session with Bley and Bill Connors) and his 1980s unit often utilized the synthesizer of Pete Levin. Giuffre, who started late in life playing flute and soprano and seems to have made a career out of playing surprising music, reunited with Bley and Swallow in 1992. He has recorded as a leader through the years for Capitol, Atlantic, Columbia, Verve, Hat Art, Choice, Improvising Artists, Soul Note and Owl.